All species / Falco peregrinus

Falco peregrinus

Peregrine Falcon · Tunstall, 1771

Red List, global: LC; Least Concern, 2022
First CITES listing: I; Appendix I, 1975
CITES trade records: 18,256; 1976–2023 · exporter-reported
Unit dimensions: 4; reported separately, never summed
NAMMCO catch entries: none; NAMMCO reports a subset of marine mammals
Seizure records: 0; reported taxon matches

One of 43: each square a species, coloured by its latest global Red List category, this one ringed. Peregrine Falcon is among the birds.

In summary derived

Falco peregrinus, Peregrine Falcon, is placed in family Falconidae, order Falconiformes, class Aves. It was first listed in Appendix I in 1975. The earliest CITES listing row the corpus holds for it is Appendix I, dated 1977, a later entry than the 1975 listing. The corpus records 3 dated listing rows in total.

Its latest global Red List assessment is Least Concern, published 2022. It carries 7 earlier global assessments on the current scale.

The corpus holds 18,256 exporter-reported CITES trade records for it, from 1976 to 2023, reported across 4 unit dimensions. The most frequently recorded term is live: 17,567 records across 3 unit dimensions, of which 17,565 are measured in specimens. The corpus holds no NAMMCO catch records for it. No seizure record in the corpus is attributed to it.

Composed from 18 corpus fields, by template, with no model

species.class
species.family
species.order_name
species_catch.catch_total
species_iucn.is_global
species_iucn.status
species_iucn.year_published
species_listing.appendix
species_listing.listing_date
species_listing_event.appendix
species_listing_event.event_date
species_seizure.*
species_trade.dimension
species_trade.first_year
species_trade.last_year
species_trade.record_count
species_trade.reporter_type
species_trade.term

Each sentence is generated from the columns above and nothing else. The same corpus produces the same text every time. Where a field is absent the sentence is omitted rather than hedged.

Overview curated

Taxonomy entered by a named curator and versioned in the repository.

Class: Aves
Order: Falconiformes
Family: Falconidae
First CITES listing: 19753 listing rows; later ones are amendments
Global Red List status: LCLeast Concern, assessed 2022

Content withheld pending expert review

8 narrative sections for this species were machine-drafted and are not shown. No subject expert has reviewed and signed them.

Trade derived

CITES Trade Database v2025.1, extracted 13 June 2025.

There is no single trade total

Quantities are reported per unit dimension, per traded term, and per reporting side. These are not additive: kilograms and individual animals have no common unit, a live animal is not a carving, and an importer report and an exporter report are two accounts of one shipment rather than two shipments.

Figures below are exporter-reported.

count in specimens: 18,113 records, 99%
volume in L: 118 records, <1%
mass in kg: 22 records, <1%
packaging in containers: 3 records, <1%

Records per dimension. Not additive across units.

Trade over time

Peak 1,454 records in 2018. Trade records per year, exporter-reported, every term and unit counted as records, not quantities.

Peak 1,992 specimens in 2022. Quantity of live, the term with most records (17,565), in specimens, exporter-reported. Other terms are in the tables below, each in its own unit.

count measured in specimens

18,113 of 18,256 records carry a quantity in specimens. CITES leaves the unit blank to mean a count of the term.

live17,565

specimens216

bodies184

eggs81

feathers39

skins5

trophies5

skeletons4

Top 8 of 15. Bars count trade records per term, not specimens, all sources combined; the table splits them by source and gives the quantity in specimens.

Term	Quantity	Records	Years	Source
live	19,672 specimens	14,058	1977–2023	C
live	2,587 specimens	1,769	1992–2023	D
live	1,626 specimens	1,222	1991–2023	W
live	286 specimens	213	1995–2023	F
live	587 specimens	212	1976–2023	not recorded
specimens	258 specimens	126	1996–2022	C
bodies	93 specimens	90	1994–2023	C
live	278 specimens	74	2000–2023	U
specimens	3,786 specimens	72	1987–2022	W
eggs	477 specimens	39	1979–1993	not recorded
feathers	1,105 specimens	31	1986–2019	W
eggs	231 specimens	31	1986–2019	W

Showing the 12 term and source combinations with the most records, of 45.

3 smaller units: L (118 records), kg (22 records), containers (3 records)

volume measured in L

118 of 18,256 records carry a quantity in L.

specimens117

live1

Bars count trade records per term, not L, all sources combined; the table splits them by source and gives the quantity in L.

Term	Quantity	Records	Years	Source
specimens	0.04 L	108	1994–2020	C
specimens	0.35 L	9	1998–2016	W
live	0.00100 L	1	2012	W

mass measured in kg

22 of 18,256 records carry a quantity in kg.

eggs8

feathers7

specimens6

live1

Bars count trade records per term, not kg, all sources combined; the table splits them by source and gives the quantity in kg.

Term	Quantity	Records	Years	Source
eggs	3.15 kg	8	1989–2023	W
specimens	0.59 kg	4	2009–2023	W
feathers	0.64 kg	4	2009–2023	W
feathers	1.19 kg	3	2002	D
specimens	50.04 kg	2	1990	not recorded
live	10 kg	1	2021	C

packaging measured in containers

3 of 18,256 records carry a quantity in containers.

shells1

specimens1

eggs1

Bars count trade records per term, not containers, all sources combined; the table splits them by source and gives the quantity in containers.

Term	Quantity	Records	Years	Source
shells	1 container	1	1992	C
specimens	66 containers	1	1991	W
eggs	1 container	1	1990	W

CITES listings curated

CoP decisions, cross-checked against the appendix reported on trade records.

First listed on 1975-07-01, in Appendix I, from the CITES listing history. The table below holds the species' current listing entries, which begin later; earlier coverage is often under a higher taxon.

Date	Appendix	Annotation	Status
1977-02-04	I	All subspecies.	earliest current entry
1996-06-10	I	none	amendment
2004-07-15	I	none	amendment

Convention on Migratory Species

Listed under CMS: Appendix II. Also covered by Raptors, which are separate instruments with their own annexes.

IUCN Red List derived

Assessment history. Scope is always stated: a regional assessment is not the species status.

published global assessment

Vertical position is the IUCN risk order, not a measured quantity: the gaps between categories are equal on the page and not in nature. 8 global assessments are drawn at 6 positions: 2 positions carry more than one assessment of the same category in the same year, and the table below lists them separately.

Category movement since listing: stable. Baseline LC in 2014, latest LC in 2022, an observed window of 8 years. This is the direction of change between two Red List categories. It is not a status trajectory and it is not an effectiveness result, because no genuine-change flag exists in the source and no counterfactual is available. How this is defined

Year	Category	Meaning	Scope	Status
2022	LC	Least Concern	Global	current for this scope
2021	LC	Least Concern	Global
2021	LC	Least Concern	Global	a republished version of the 2021 assessment
2019	LC	Least Concern	Global
2016	LC	Least Concern	Global
2015	LC	Least Concern	Global
2015	LC	Least Concern	Global	a republished version of the 2015 assessment
2014	LC	Least Concern	Global

Reported catch derived

NAMMCO catch exports dated 11 June 2025. A reported zero is stored as zero, distinct from an unknown.

No NAMMCO catch records for this species. NAMMCO reports on a subset of marine mammals, so an absence here is expected for most species and does not mean no catch occurred.

Illegal trade seizures derived

Seizure records whose reported taxon resolves to this species.

What the seizure source records

No seizure in the compilation names this species. Matching is on the taxon the source reported, case aside. Across the whole compilation, 225 of 919 rows match one of the 43 species and the rest name other taxa.

Quantities are unitless. The source gives no date or place, so the table shows the product and the reported taxon.

No seizure records attributed to this species.

References withheld

Machine-proposed bindings. Shown only where an expert has signed the profile and the binding is live.

No references are recorded for this species: none is shown, and none was machine-proposed for review.

Timeline curated

Curated events. Those with no corroborating table in this database are marked.

Date	Event	Type	Corroboration
2024-01-10	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2023-11-22	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2022-05-13	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2022	IUCN Red List Assessment (2022)	iucn_assessment	checked against `iucn_assessments`
2021	IUCN Red List Assessment (2021)	iucn_assessment	checked against `iucn_assessments`
2019-08-13	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2019	IUCN Red List Assessment (2019)	iucn_assessment	checked against `iucn_assessments`
2018-01-30	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2016-03-16	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2016	IUCN Red List Assessment (2016)	iucn_assessment	checked against `iucn_assessments`
2015	IUCN Red List Assessment (2015)	iucn_assessment	checked against `iucn_assessments`
2014	IUCN Red List Assessment (2014)	iucn_assessment	checked against `iucn_assessments`
2011-01-19	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2010-11-29	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2008-08-05	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2006-01-16	CITES Trade Suspension	cites_suspension	curated
2004-07-15	Listed in CITES Appendix I	cites_listing	checked against `cites_listings`
2003-06-15	CITES Trade: live	cites_trade	checked against `cites_trade_records`
2000-06-15	CITES Trade: live	cites_trade	checked against `cites_trade_records`
1996-06-10	Listed in CITES Appendix I	cites_listing	checked against `cites_listings`
1977-02-04	Listed in CITES Appendix I	cites_listing	checked against `cites_listings`

Events marked curated are not matched by a row in a corroborating table, either because none applies or because the table holds no such row, and rest on the curator alone. They are shown, and marked, rather than presented as equivalent to a table-checked fact.